Psychology
Temperament :
Temperament is a person’s
nature as if it permanently effects their behavior. ‘Temperament is a person’s
nature as shown in the way they behave or react to situations or people.’[1]
‘A constitutional tendency toward certain types of emotional reactions and
levels of sensitivity. Some people are more active than others, some more high
strong and some placid. These differences are most likely rooted in the
individual’s biology since they are often apparent at birth.’[2]
Historically Hippocrates
classified at first and systematically studied four basic humors such are
blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile and these are corresponding to
sanguine, phlegmatic, melancholic and choleric.
Alport defined temperament
as ,” the characteristic phenomena of an individual’s nature, including his susceptibility,
to to emotion stimulation, his customary strength and speed of respons, the
quality of his prevailing mood and the peculiarities of fluctuations and
intensity of mood.”[3]
These definition suggests too four temperament 1. Emotionality 2. Activity 3.
Sociability and 4. Impulsivity. Activity and sociability are inherited from parents and stable. Emotionality and impulsivity are not
stable and genetically temperament.
I will emphasized on more about the
four temperament of ancient classification these are 1. Sanguine 2. Melancholic 3. Choleric and 4. Phlegmatic.
Classical
|
Element
|
Emotions
|
Melancholic
|
Earth
|
Avoiding 1. Sanguine 1. 2.Melancholic
|
Phlegmatic
|
Water
|
Getting 1 2 3 4 |
Sanguine
|
Air
|
Socially useful 3. Phlegmatic 4.. Choleric
|
Choleric
|
Fire
|
Ruling
|
Sanguine:
Sanguine temperament reacts immediately
to any stimulation and impression but his reacton is for a short time only. A
person of sanguine temperament is lively, sociable, carefree, and talkative and
pleasure seeking. He is warming hearted and optimistic. He also can make new
friend easily, is imaginative and artistic. A sanguine is extrovert, talker and
optimist.
Strength of Sanguine temperament:
Emotion of a sanguine person is appealing
personality, talkative, Storyteller, life of the party, good sense of humor, memory
for color, physically holds on to listener, emotional and demonstrative, enthusiastic
and expressive, cheerful and bubbling over, curious, good on stage, wide-eyed
and innocent. He lives in the present, changeable disposition, sincere at heart,
and always a child.
The sanguine as a parent:
A person who is sanguine makes home Fun. He is
liked by children's friends and he turns disaster into humor. He is the
circus master.
The sanguine at work:
Personality
of a sanguine temperament volunteers for Jobs, thinks for new activities looks
great on the Surface. He is creative and colorful. He has energy and enthusiasm.
He starts in a flashy way and persuades others to work.
The Sanguine as a friend:
He makes friends easily and loves people, thrives
on compliments. He seems exciting
is envied by others. He does not
grudge and he apologizes quickly,prevents dull moments. he likes
spontaneous activities
Weaknesses of sanguine emotions:
The person who belong to sanguine temperament is
compulsive talker, exaggerates and elaborates, dwells on trivia, can't remember
names , cares others off, too happy for some, has restless energy, egotistical,
superficiality, inconstancy and sensuality. They are easily succumb to
temptation and distracted in prayer. He blusters and complains, naive, gets
taken in, has loud voice and laugh, Controlled by circumstances, gets angry
easily, seems phony to some, never Grows up.
The Sanguine as a parent:
The sanguine temperament keeps home in frenzy,
forgets children's appointments, disorganized, and doesn’t listen to the whole
story.
The Sanguine at work:
He would rather talk, forgets obligations,
doesn’t follow through, Confidence fades fast, undisciplined, priorities out of
order, decides by feelings, easily distracted, wastes time talking
The sanguine as a friend:
He hates to be alone, needs to be center stage,
wants to be popular, looks for credit, dominates conversations,
interrupts and doesn't listen, answers for others, fickle and
forgetful, makes excuses and repeats
stories.
Melancholic:
The
person who is melancholic temperament appears serious, introverted, cautious
and suspicious. They become preoccupied with tragedy and cruelty in the world
and depression and moodiness. They can be focused and conscientious. They often prefer to do
things themselves. They are tendency to be sad and melancholic. Melancholic
person is introvert, thinker and pessimist.
Strengths of a Melancholic person
A melancholic person is deep and thoughtful. He
is an analytical, serious and purposeful, genius tendency, talented and
creative, artistic or musical, philosophical and poetic. He is an appreciative of
beauty, sensitive to others and self-sacrificing, conscientious and Idealistic.
The melancholy as a parent
He wants to set high standards and also wants
everything done right. He Keeps home in
good order and picks up after children. He sacrifices own will for others and encourages
scholarship and talent.
The Melancholy at Work
He is schedule oriented, perfectionist, high
standards, detail conscious, persistent and orderly and organized. He is neat
and tidy. He is frugal, sees the problems. He Finds creative solutions, Needs
to finish what he starts. He likes charts, graphs, figures and lists
The Melancholy as a friend
He makes
friends cautiously and content to stay in background, avoids causing attention,
faithful and devoted. He listens to complaints. He can solve other's problems.
He deep concern for other people and he is moved to tears with compassion. He
always seeks ideal mate.
Weakness temperament of a melancholy
He remembers the negatives and is a moody and
depressed. He enjoys being hurt. He has false humility. He has low self-image.
He has selective hearing and is self-centered. He is too introspective, guilt
feelings, persecution complex. He tends to hypochondria
The melancholy as a parent
He puts goals beyond reach. He may be discourage
children and may be too meticulous. He becomes martyr. He sulks over
disagreements, puts guilt upon children
The melancholy at work
He is not people oriented, depressed over
imperfections. He chooses difficult work
He is hesitant to start projects. He spends too
much time planning. He prefers analysis to work. He is self-deprecating and hard
to please. He is standards often too high and deep need for approval
The melancholy as a friend
He lives through others, insecure socially, withdrawn
and remote, critical of others. He holds back affections, dislikes those
in opposition. He is suspicious of people and antagonistic and vengeful,
Unforgiving too. He is full of contradictions and skeptical of compliments.
The choleric Emotions
He born leader, dynamic and active, compulsive
need for change. He must correct wrongs. He is Strong-willed and decisive, unemotional.
He is not easily discouraged. He is independent and self sufficient. He
also exudes confidence and can run anything.
Strength of choleric temperament
He has great energy and activity, sharp
intellect, strong and resolute will, good power of concentration, constancy and
magnanimity. Choleric temperament is practical. He is gluttony and lust.
The Choleric as a parent
He is experts in sound leadership. He
establishes goals and motivates family to action. He knows the right answer and
organizes household.
The choleric at work
He is goal oriented and sees the whole picture.
He is organized well. He seeks practical
solutions and moves quickly to action. He delegates work, insists on
production and makes the goal. He stimulates activity and thrives on opposition.
The choleric as a friend
He has little need for friends. He will work for
group activity and will lead and organize. He is usually right and excels in
emergencies.
Weaknesses temperament of a choleric
He is bossy, impatient, and quick-tempered. He
cannot relax and too impetuous. He enjoys controversy and arguments. He won't
give up when loosing and he comes on too strong. He is inflexible and he is not
complimentary. He dislikes tears and emotions. He is unsympathetic.
The choleric as a parent
He tends to over dominate, too busy for family.
He gives answers too quickly. He is impatient with poor performance. He won’t
let children relax and may send them into depression
The choleric at work
He has little tolerance for mistakes and doesn’t
analyze details. He is bored by trivia. He may make rash decisions and may be rude or tactless.
He manipulates people. He is demanding of others and end justifies the means.
His work may become his god. He demands loyalty in the ranks.
The choleric as a friend
He tends to use people, dominates others. He knows everything and decides for others.
He can do everything better. He is to independent and possessive of friends and
mate. He can't say, "I'm Sorry". He may be right, but unpopular.
Phlegmatic
temperament
The person who is phlegmatic is Introvert, the
Watcher, and pessimist. He is reasonable, patient, caring and tolerant. He
works slowly but perseveringly. He does not easily get angry by insult,
misfortune and sickness. Because of his slowness and calmness he loses many
opportunities. He is not for government and administration. He is lethargic,
insensible and wholly deft to the invitation. He is easygoing and relaxed. He
is calm, cool and collected, patient well balanced consistent life quiet but witty,
sympathetic and kind, he keeps emotions hidden, happily reconciled to life, all-purpose person
Strength of phlegmatic
He is sympathetic,
kind, cool and calm, patient. He does not get angry easily. He is slow and
steady. He remains tranquil, discreet and sober. He common sense and mental
balanced.
The phlegmatic as a parent
He makes a good parent, takes time for the
children. He is not in a hurry and can take the good with the bad, doesn't get
upset easily
The phlegmatic at work
He is competent and steady, peaceful and
agreeable. He has administrative ability, mediates problems and avoids
conflicts .He is good under pressure and finds the easy way
The phlegmatic as a friend
He is easy to get along with, pleasant and enjoyable
He is inoffensive, good listener, dry sense of humor. He enjoys watching people.
he has many friends and has compassion and concern.
Weaknesses of a phlegmatic
He is unenthusiastic fearful and worried, indecisive,
avoids responsibility, quiet will of iron, selfish, to shy and reticent, too
compromising and self-righteous.
The phlegmatic as a parent
He is lax on discipline. He doesn't organize
home takes life to easy
The Phlegmatic at work
He is not goal oriented and lacks self
motivation. He is hard to get moving and resents being pushed. He is lazy and
careless, discourages others and would rather watch
The phlegmatic as a friend
He dampens enthusiasm and stays uninvolved. He is not exciting and indifferent to plans.
He judges others. He is sarcastic and teasing and resists change.
The Sanguine personality is affected by chemical called
dopamine, which makes these people intensely curious and creative. Their
curiosity can be expressed in their love for reading and different kinds of knowledge and they usually
possess high amounts of energy, so they may seem restless and spontaneous. This type of personality loves the life of luxury; they like to
impress others by their expensive clothes, designer accessories and sport cars.
If choleric people thrive on money-making process itself, sanguine people know
how to enjoy money, luxury and comfort like nobody else.
They are big spenders and when
given the ability to have anything they want, they will travel the world
staying in splendid hotels, enjoying exciting safaris and luxury cruises; deriving
full happiness and pleasure from their wealth.
They will indulge in their rich,
comfortable and sumptuous living effectively ignoring world problems and
crises.
The Risk Takers
The Sanguine personalities out there are willing to take risks
for the sake of pursuit of their numerous interests. These people feel bored if
they are not absorbed by something intriguing and their constant cravings for
adventure and novelty are the major motivating force behind their actions,
decisions and choices.
People with sanguine personality adapt easily and generally can
play many roles – buoyant, lively and optimistic, and they have the ability to
absolutely charm the pants off anyone that seeks their attention. Their need
for variety and luxury explains why they prefer to live in big cities where
they can satisfy their desires much easier.
The Boredom Busters!
Sanguine people are very poor at tolerating boredom. Routine
jobs, repetitive experiences and boring companions annoy and irritate them, and
for the most part, they will try to avoid routine and monotony at all costs. In
actual fact, they love and thrive on interruptions because they get energized
during these small changes in course.
These people are impulsive and they will often find it difficult
to control their cravings and may struggle with weight. More than any other
types of personality, this temperament is more susceptible to smoking, alcohol,
drugs, gambling and risky sex. Their spontaneity reflects in last-minute plans
and moments of intellectual discovery.
The Risk Takers
The Sanguine personalities out there are willing to take risks
for the sake of pursuit of their numerous interests. These people feel bored if
they are not absorbed by something intriguing and their constant cravings for
adventure and novelty are the major motivating force behind their actions,
decisions and choices.
People with sanguine personality adapt easily and generally can
play many roles – buoyant, lively and optimistic, and they have the ability to
absolutely charm the pants off anyone that seeks their attention. Their need
for variety and luxury explains why they prefer to live in big cities where
they can satisfy their desires much easier.
The Boredom Busters!
Sanguine people are very poor at
tolerating boredom. Routine jobs, repetitive experiences and boring companions
annoy and irritate them, and for the most part, they will try to avoid routine
and monotony at all costs. In actual fact, they love and thrive on
interruptions because they get energized during these small changes in course.
These people are impulsive and
they will often find it difficult to control their cravings and may struggle
with weight. More than any other types of personality, this temperament is more
susceptible to smoking, alcohol, drugs, gambling and risky sex. Their
spontaneity reflects in last-minute plans and moments of intellectual
discovery.
Sanguine people are usually more
creative than other types, be it poetry, music, theater, art, business or
cooking. Sadly, they are also most susceptible to chemical imbalances,
addictions and mood disorders.
This personality type is
characterized by curiosity and having a wide range of interests. They seem to
be hungry for knowledge – some of them are walking encyclopedias, while some
others visit almost every known country in the world. Many stay in school years
and years after their peers have graduated. They will do almost anything to
satisfy their always present need to be absorbed by something meaningful and
exciting, and they will often end up having several degrees.
The Dopamine Course!
Dopamine activity promotes
motivation and goal-oriented behavior, as well as enthusiasm, focus,
assertiveness, incentive and drive to achieve. However, sanguine people are so
busy with their numerous interests that they will procrastinate completing
their tasks, they are just too busy to think about deadlines and actually
finishing one task before going ahead to begin another.
These people are very autonomous
and unconventional. They trust their impulses and take risks. Their motto is:
“Nothing ventured, nothing gained”. They launch into projects that seem sure to
fail but somehow always manage to win big!
posted by Johnastine @ 08:35
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