Urang Marriage

DuivI  weevn c×wZ Ges †hme w`Kmg~n Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Z¨vq‡bi †ÿ‡Î MÖnY Kiv hvq I ‡hfv‡e

by‡qj A‡jbwZqvm KzRyi

PZz_© el©, 1g †mwg÷vi

ZvwiL: 11/11/2013 Lªx:

1. f~wgKv: Ab¨vb¨ RvwZ mË¡vi gZB DuivI‡`i Rxeb P‡µi GKUv ¸iZ¡c~Y© NUbv n‡jv weevn| DuivI‡`i `„wó‡Z Rxe‡bi AwZ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K, Rb¥ I g„Zz¨i ga¨eZx© mg‡qi we‡kl Kvj wn‡m‡e weevn‡K Lye ¸i“Z¡ I ghv©`vi mv‡_ †`Lv nq| Zv‡`i Rb¨ weevn n‡jv GKUv ¯’vqx I cweÎ eÜb| DuivI ms¯‹…wZ‡Z weev‡n agx©q w`‡Ki Zzjbvq mvgvwRKZv‡KB †ewk ¸i“Z¡ †`qv nq e‡j cÖZxqgvb nq| Gi KviY nj DuivI‡`i Kv‡Q ag© I mvgvwRKZv Avjv`v †Kvb mË¡v bq eis G`y‡Uv welq A½v½xfv‡e RwoZ| weevn Qvov DuivI‡`i Rxeb †hb Zv‡`i Kv‡Q AKíbxq| hw`I wewfbœ Kvi‡Y we‡q QvovB mviv Rxeb Kzgvi Ae¯’vq cvi K‡i †`q| Z_vwc Rxeb m½x Qvov cyi“‡li Rxeb Ac~Y©, msmvi APj, Ni AÜKvi, GB n‡jv Zv‡`i aviYv|

DuivI m¤cÖ`v‡q weev‡ni aiYv, Gi DrcwË I HkZvwZ¡K wfwË, weev‡ni cÖK…wZ, weev‡ni j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨, weev‡ni cweÎ ¯’vb, weev‡ni wewfbœ avivmg~n, DuivI weevn c×wZ ev ixwZmg~n, wLªóvb mvµv‡gš—xq weev‡ni aviYvi mv‡_ DuivI weev‡ni Zyjbvg~jK wPÎ, weev‡n e¨eüZ DcKiYmg~n I Zv‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥K A_©, Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi m¤¢ve¨ w`Kmg~n, Avgvi gZvgZ, Avgvi cÖ¯—vebv Ges cwi‡k‡l hewbKv - G¸†jv nj Avgvi Av‡jvP¨ weqlmg~n| Z‡e, G e¨vcv‡i mxwgZ M‡elYv I M‡elYvg~jK Dr‡mi cvkvcvwk eq¯‹ I AwfÁ e¨w³‡`i ¯^vÿvrKvi †bIqvi gva¨‡g †ewkifvM cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Av‡jv‡K Dc‡iv³ welqmg~n Av‡jvPbv Kivi cÖqvm Pvwj‡qwQ |

2. DuivI m¤cÖ`v‡q (`„wófw½‡Z) weevn: Òweevn DuivI RvwZi me‡P‡q gnZ¡c~Y© Abyôvb| weevn Abyôv‡bi wewfbœ ixwZ †iIqvR Øviv Zviv Zv‡`i ciRxe‡bi g~j A_© cÖKvk K‡i| cwievi n‡jv Zv‡`i Bn‡jvK Avi ci‡jv‡Ki †hŠ_ e܇bi GK gvÎ Dcvq| weevn Øviv RvwZMZ Rxe‡b †Q‡ji cvwievwiK †MvZv‡i †g‡q (†eŠ) Aš—©fy³ nq, A_©vr weev‡ni gva¨‡g K‡b Zvi ˆea¨ wcZ…cwiPq nvivq Ges e‡ii cwiev‡ii cwiPq jvf K‡i| Ges eZ©gvb Rxe‡b †Kej mš—vb Rb¥ `vb, Kg©m¤úv`b, ag©cvjb, abm¤ú` mÂq KivB bq eis weevn  Øviv Zviv Zv‡`i c~e© cyi“l‡`i ¯^iY K‡i|Ó[1] DuivI m¤cÖ`v‡q GKRb cwic° †Q‡j Ges †g‡q hLb weevwnZ Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i ZLb Zv‡`i‡K Aek¨B mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…wZ Ges ag©xqfv‡e cwievi MVb Kivi ¯^xK…wZ †c‡Z nq| wcZv gvZv Avcb †Q‡j †g‡q‡K weevn e܇b †eu‡a w`‡q Zv‡`i ‡kl `vwqZ¡ KZ©e¨ cvj‡bi Reve av‡g©m Gi wbKU †`q | Zviv me mgq mZ©K _v‡K †h, Zv‡`i RxweZ _vK‡ZB Zv‡`i cyiLvi (wcZ…cyi“l) Ges av‡g©m Gi †mevq Zv‡`i †Q‡j †g‡q‡K wb‡qvwRZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, Z‡eB Zviv GB c„w_ex‡Z cv‡ci ¶gv cv‡eb Ges fvwe es‡ki mv‡_ GK W‡i euvav †_‡K ciKv‡ji Askx`vi n‡e| DuivI‡`i Gme a¨vb aviYv †_‡K ¯úó eySv hvq †h, cwievi n‡jv av‡g©m Gi c~Rv AP©bv Kivi GK gvÎ ¯’vb| GB Rb¨ weevn e܇b Ave× n‡q cwievi MVb Kiv Avek¨K|

2.1 weev‡ni DrcwË I HkZvwZ¡K wfwË

weev‡ni Avi¤¢ ev †Mvuovcˇbi e¨vcv‡i DuivI m¤cÖ`vq `„pfv‡e wek¦vm K‡ib †h, weevn ¯^qs av‡g©m Øviv cÖwZwôZ| Zv‡`i HwZn¨MZ wek¦vm Abymv‡i av‡g©m cÖ_g gvbe †Rvov‡K(Av`g I nev) weevn e܇b Ave× K‡i‡Qb| hv‡Z av‡g©‡mi eva¨ †_‡K  Zviv esk e„w× NUv‡Z cv‡i|

2.2 DuivI weev‡ni cÖK…wZ

DuivI mgv‡R GKK weev‡ni cÖPjb †ekx, eû weevn‡K Zviv N„Yvi †Pv‡L †`‡L| KviY Zviv e‡j †h, ¯^vgx cv‡qi eywo Av½yj Øviv †h ¯¿xi cv‡qi †Mvovjx †P‡c we‡q K‡i‡Q, †m Zvi Bn‡jvK Avi ci‡jv‡Ki ¯¿x| †m Avi KL‡bv wØZxq we‡q Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| mZivs Avgiv †`wL †h, DuivI weevn cÖK…wZMZfv‡e GK weevn, wPi¯’vqx I cweÎZvi GK AvRxeb eÜb| G welq¸‡jv Kv_wjK HwZn¨MZ wk¶vi mv‡_ A‡bK wgj i‡q‡Q| Z‡e GjvKv †f‡` gv‡S gv‡S wewfbœ Kvi‡Y ¯^í wKQz weevn we‡”Q` I wØZxq weevn j¶¨ Kiv hvq, ZeyI GwU DuivI‡`i Kv‡Q GKwU AbvKvw•LZ NUbv e‡jB g‡b nq|

2.3. weev‡ni j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨

Kvgbv-evmbv ev mnevmB DuivI weev‡ni GKgvÎ j¶¨ bq| †hŠb cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡bvi cvkvcvwk DuivI weev‡ni Av‡iv A‡bK D‡Ï¨k¨ Av‡Q| †hgb- Rxeb m½x nIqv, esk i¶v Kiv, cwievi MVb, A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb, cwiev‡ii welqvw` m¤ú‡K© mn‡hvwMZv jvf, mvgvwRK I gbmZvwË¡K wbðqZv BZ¨vw`| weevn, ïay `yÕRb e¨w³i wgjbB bq, GwU GKvav‡i `ywU cwievi I `ywU es‡ki wgjb| DuivI mgv‡R ei K‡b weev‡ni ga¨w`‡q bZzbfv‡e mgv‡R mshy³Z nq, Ges Zv‡`i ag©xq wek¦vm mvgvwRK ixwZ-bxwZi PP©v Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡i|

m‡e©vcwi, g‡b ivLvi e¨vcvi GB †h,  DuivI‡`i GKwU my`„p †Mvôx¯^Ëv I GKvZ¡Zvi g~j¨‡eva i‡q‡Q| GB cwiPq I mvgwMÖKZvi g~j¨‡eva‡K a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Zviv †MvôxMZ AvZ¥xq weevn wbwl× Ges †MvÎMZ weev‡ni †¶‡ÎI we‡kl wbqgKvbyb M‡o Zz‡j‡Q| †hgb- GKRb KzRyi †Q‡j, KzRyi †g‡q‡K we‡q Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv, Avevi GB KzRyi †Q‡jB evwK Av‡iv Ab¨vb¨ †Mv‡Îi ‡h †Kvb GKwU †_‡K †g‡q we‡q Ki‡Z cv‡i| G e¨vcv‡i i³ m¤ú‡K©i e¨vcviUvI A‡bK K‡Vvifv‡e ‡`Lv nq| hvB †nvK, DuivI‡`ig‡Z mvgvwRKfv‡e weevnB nj cwievi MV‡bi GKgvÎ Dcvq|

2.4 weev‡ni cweÎ ¯’vb: DuivI wek¦vmx‡`i g‡Z, gv‡ovqv nj weev‡ni GKwU cweÎ ¯’vb| GLv‡bB weev‡ni Kvh© m¤úv`b nq Ges ei I K‡bi ïf Kvgbv Kiv nq| GB gv‡ovqv DVv‡bi gvSLv‡b GKwU wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b gvwU w`‡q †e`xi gZ mvgvb¨ DuPz K‡i cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq Ges Gi Pvi Kbvq gvSvwi AvKv‡ii PviwU Kjv MvQ cuy‡Z †`Iqv nq| Ab¨vb¨ RvqMvi Zzjbvq GLv‡bB weev‡ni g~j ce© AbywôZ nq e‡j Zv Zv‡`i Kv‡Q Av‡iv A_©c~Y© n‡q D‡V|

3. weev‡ni wewfbœ c×wZ ev ixwZmgyn

DiuvI weev‡n HwZn¨MZfv‡e we‡qi cªavb wµqv‡K †K›`ª K‡i we‡qi Av‡Mi w`b mܨv †_‡K cÖ¯‘wZ ïiæ nq| GB Dcj‡ÿ MÖvgevmx I AvZ¥xq¯^Rb ei/K‡bi evoxi DVv‡b GKwU gv‡ovqv Mv‡o| gv‡ovqvi cÖK…wZ n‡jv- DVv‡b cÖvq `k nvZ `yiæ‡Z¡/AvKvi Abymv‡i Pvi †Kvbvq PviwU evk Ges wVK gvSLv‡b cvZvmn GKwU j¤^v evk cy‡Z iv‡L| Zvici GKwU wbw`©ó D”PZvq AvovAvox K‡i AviI wKQz evk †eu‡a KjvcvZv ev Lo w`‡q QvDwb ˆZix K‡i| Gici gvSLv‡bi evk‡K †K›`ª K‡i Dfq w‡`‡K GKnvZ `yiæ‡Z¡i mgvb gvwU w`‡q mvgvb¨ DPz ‡e`x ˆZix Kiv nq Ges Gi Pvi †Kvbvq PviwU gvSvix AvKv‡ii KjvMvQ cy‡Z †`Iqv nq Avi mgMÖ gv‡ovqv‡K wewfbœ i‡½i KvM‡Ri dzj w`‡q mvRv‡bv nq| Gfv‡e gv‡ovqv ˆZixi KvR †kl n‡j ci Mv‡q njy‡`i Rb¨ ei/K‡b‡K gv‡ovqvi wb‡P Avbv nq| Z‡e ïiæ‡ZB ei/K‡bi gv Kvmvi †jvUv‡Z cvwb wb‡q †mB cvwb Xvj‡Z Xvj‡Z  gv‡ovqv†K GKevi cÖ`wÿY K‡i Ges GKB mv‡_ ei/K‡bI gv‡qi AvPuj I wcZvi nvZ a‡i Zvi mv‡_ cÖ`w¶Y K‡i| Gici Mv‡q ûjy` gvLvi Abyôvb Pj‡Z _v‡K, hv cÖ_‡g Zvi gv, evev, MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³eM©, fvB-†evb Ges ch©vqµ‡g AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb I Ab¨vb¨iv ei/K‡bi Mv‡q njy` †`q| Gmgq cy‡iv`‡g evRbv evR‡Z _v‡K| Z‡e HwZMZfv‡e DuivI mgv‡R wZbwU av‡c ev c×wZ‡Z weev‡ni cÖavb wKqv m¤úbœ Kivi ixwZ P‡j Avm‡Q| G¸‡jv nj-

3.1 N‡i wm›`yi we‡q: eihvÎx Kb¨vi MÖv‡g †M‡j Kuvokv fvÛv w`‡q eiY K‡i †bIqv nq| Gici Kb¨v c¶ ei‡K Nv‡o enb K‡i, Av‡M †_‡K K‡b, Zvi `vw`, bvbx ev eo †eŠw`iv A‡c¶vq _v‡K Ges ei‡K N‡i wb‡q Av‡m| N‡ii †g‡R‡Z Av‡M †_‡KB njy` evUv, cv_i Avi †Rvqvj mvRv‡bv _v‡K ZviB Dci ei‡K `uvo Kivq| Gici ei K‡bi wcQb †_‡K wbR cv‡qi eywo Av½yj w`‡q K‡bi cv‡qi †Mvovjx †P‡c a‡i Ges wVK †mB gû‡Z©B K‡bi wmw_‡Z wm`uyi †`q| GUv‡K Zviv wm`uyi we‡q ev Bwo Ly‡›`K weevn e‡j|

3.2 mvfv †eÄv (weevn): N‡i wm`uyi we‡qi ci gv‡ovqvi bx‡P ei I K‡b‡K †Zj gvLv‡bv nq| †Zj gvLv‡bv mgvß n‡j ei‡K Zvi kvjv(c‡ÿi GKRb) Ges K‡b‡K Zvi †`ei(c‡ÿi GKRb) Kv‡a Zz‡j gv‡ovqvi wb‡P Mvov PviwU KjvMvQ I evk‡K †K›`ª K‡i wZbevi `w¶Y Ki‡e, Gmgq Kuvomv fvÛv mevi mvg‡b _vK‡e| Gici gv‡ovqvi cÖwðg cv‡k c~e©w`‡K gyL K‡i cvkv-cvwk `yRb‡K emv‡bv nq| Gici MÖvg cvnvb (hvRK) mevi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ei I K‡b‡K Avkxe©v` K‡i Zv‡`i bZzb cwievi Rxe‡b myL I kvwšÍ Kvgbv K‡ib| Zvici ïyi“ nq Pzgvb I Dcnvi cÖ`vb| wbgwš¿Z AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb Ges MÖvgevmxMY hvi †hgb kw³ I mvg_©bymv‡i UvKv, _vjv-evwU, Kvco, Nywo, †iwWI, mvB‡Kj BZ¨vw` cÖ`vb K‡ib| Pzgvb M„nKZ©v Avi `vb ei-K‡b cvq| Gmgq Dcnvi cÖ`v‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Zviv be `¤úwZ‡K Avkxe©v` K‡ib|

3.3 euvwn‡¾vobv weevn

`vb I Pzgvb †kl n‡j ci, G ch©v‡q mevi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z weev‡n `yc‡¶i †MvÎ I esk cwiPq wR‡Ám Kiv nq| esk cwiPq Rvbv n‡j ci `yc‡¶i cuvPRb(`yc‡ÿi `yRb K‡i I cvnvb) gnr e¨w³ Zv‡`i wcZv-gvZv‡`i wb‡q GK‡Î e‡m GB cÖv_©bv K‡i| Ò†n wcZ…-cyi“lMY Avgiv †Zvgv‡`i‡K m‡½ wb‡qB euvwn †¾vobv Abyôvb KiwQ| G‡`i `yB †Mvôx‡K GK‡Î wgjb K‡i `vI| Zv‡`i †Q‡j †g‡q‡`i RxebhvÎvq mnvq †_‡Kv| †n av‡g©m ivRv me©‡Îi ivRv Zzwg Dc‡i AvQ Avi Avgiv cuvP Rb mv¶x wb‡P AvwQ| wkK‡ji eÜb wQo‡jI wQo‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ Avgv‡`i gy‡Li K_v Pvgovi euvab bv wQo–K| AvR †_‡K Zviv Rxeb m½x n‡q weevwnZ Rxe‡bi hvÎv ïi“ Ki‡Q Zzwg Zv‡`i mnvq †_‡Kv|Ó[2] GB cÖv_©bvi gva¨‡gB we‡qi AvbyôvwbKZv m¤úbœ nq| ei K‡b‡K Zvi wbR evox‡Z †bIqvi AwaKvi jvf K‡i|

3.4 weev‡ni wewfbœ avivmg~n

K‡b †`Lv, evwoNi †`Lv ( K‡b I ei c‡¶i AwefveKMY Df‡qi evwoNi †`‡L Av‡m) , ei‡K aywZ civ‡bv/eD‡K kvwo civ‡bv, jUv cvwb, cb UvKv `vb, w`b avh©,  gv‡ovqv,  Mv‡qu njy`,  eihvÎv, ï‡f”Qv Ávcb, Avkxe©v` cÖ`vb, GKm‡½ †fvR LvIqv,  Avkx©ev` cÖ`vb I `vb cÖ`vb, Kb¨v Ac©b, weqvb‡`i ï‡f”Qv wewbg‡qi gva¨g Ab¨Zg| Abyiƒcfv‡e K‡bi evwo‡Z wKQz wKQz AvPvi-Abyôvb cvjb Kiv nq| Z‡e D‡jøL¨ †h, Dc‡iv³ aviv¸‡jvi me †¶‡ÎB MÖvg ev mgv‡Ri †bZ…¯’vbxq e¨w³‡`i m¤§wZ I MÖv‡gi mK‡ji AeMwZ‡ZB m¤úbœ nq|

3.5 Kv_wjK mvµv‡gšÍxq weevn I DuivI weev‡ni Zzjbvg~jK wPÎ

DuivI weev‡n A‡bK w`Kmg~n Av‡Q hv Kv_wjK wLªóvb‡`i mvµv‡gš—xq aviYv Ges wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq| ˆemv`„k¨ w`K¸‡jvi cwie‡Z© Kv_wjK g~j¨‡eva¸‡jvi mv‡_ m`„k¨ †i‡L ‡hme welq Zz‡j aivyy hvq| †mw`K¸‡jv nj:

DuivI weev‡ni w`Kmg~n	mvµv‡gš—xq g~j¨‡evamg~n
ii K‡b‡K we‡q Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ †`Lv‡Z ‡M‡j †g‡qi m¤§wZi cÖKvk	ei I K‡b Df‡qi m¤§wZ cÖ`vb I cÖwZÁv
MÖv‡gi RbMY+ MÖvg¨ cy‡ivwnZ I AwZw_e„›`	wek¦vmxeM© + cy‡ivwnZ ev cwi‡meK I AwZw_e„›`
weev‡ni mv¶x	weev‡ni mv¶x

Zvn‡j †`Lv hv‡”Q †h, G`yÕwU aviYvi g‡a¨ g~j welq¸wji A‡bK wgj i‡q‡Q| m¤¢eZ GB Kvi‡YB DuivI wLªóvbMY gÛjxi wk¶vbymv‡i weevn‡K GKwU cweÎ ms¯‹viiƒ‡cB BwZevPKfv‡e MÖnY K‡i|

3.6 weev‡n e¨eüZ DcKiYmgyn I Zv‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥K A_©

*wm`uyi:DivI K…wó ev wev‡n wm`y‡ii Zvrch©c~Y© A_© Av‡Q| hv Avcb K‡i †bIqvi ev e܇bi wPý| hw` Zv †`eZv‡`i †`Iqv nq Zvn‡j e¨vw³ I †`eZvi g‡a¨ eÜb cÖKvk K‡i| Avi Zv hw` nq weevn †¶‡Î, Zvn‡j ei-K‡bi eÜb‡KB cÖKvk K‡i|

* Avg cvZv: DivuvI‡`i Kv‡Q Avg MvQ av‡g©m Gi GKwU my›`i m„wó, ZvB Avg MvQ nj DuivI‡`I Rb¨ cweÎ MvQ| Avg cvZv w`‡qB ei hvÎx‡`i Dci cvwb wQwU‡q Zv‡`i eiY K‡i †bq hv cweÎZvi `vwe K‡i|

* `~e©v Nvm I AvZc PvDj: HwZn¨MZfv‡e DuivI‡`i Kv‡Q `ye©v Nvm n‡jv wPi mey‡Ri cÖZxK Ges fMev‡bi m„wó, hv `xN© I msMÖvgx Rxe‡bi A_© enb K‡i| ei I K‡bi weevwnZ Rxeb †hb wPi meyR I `xN©vqy n‡Z cv‡i GB D‡Ï‡k¨B Zv e¨envi Kiv nq| weevn Abyôv‡b GKwU Kvmv _vjvq †i‡L ei I K‡bi Mv‡q wQUv‡bv nq| `~©ev Nvm, AvZc PvDj BZ¨vw` e¯‘‡Z i‡q‡Q Rxeb-mvi | GB ixwZi Aš—iv‡j wek¦vm GB †h, fvex `¤úwZi fwel¨r Rxeb a‡b-av‡bœ cwic~Y© _vK‡e|

* †Zj, Rj I njy‡`i A_© : we‡qi c~‡e© ei I K‡b‡K †Zj njy` †g‡L mœvb Kiv‡bvi ixwZ Avw`evmx Ab¨vb¨ RvwZ‡Mvwôi gZB DuivI mgv‡RI eZ©gvb Av‡Q| GB Abyôvb cvj‡bi Aš—iv‡j ‡h wek¦vm m¤ú„³ Zv n‡jv cweÎKiY| DuivI‡`i aviYvq R‡ji g‡Zv cweÎ wRwbm Avi wØZxqwU †bB| Rj wQUv‡bv, †aŠZKiY ev mœvb Kivi ga¨ w`‡q Zviv cweÎ nq e‡j g‡b K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K †Zj Rxeb‡K mRxe I njy` Rxeb‡K LvwU ivLvi A_© cÖKvk K‡i|

* Kuvokv fvÛv: Kvuokv fvÛv n‡jv gvwUi †QvU bZzb cv Kjmx/cvwZj| fvÛvi Mjvq av‡bi wkl †Mu‡_ mymw¾Z Kiv nq| wfZ‡i AvZe PvDj, wZbwU KvPv njy`- cÖ‡Z¨KwUi †hb wZbwU K‡i †PvL _v‡K Zv evQvB K‡i †bIqv nq| fvÛvi gyL XvKbv w`‡q eÜ K‡i Zvi Dci PviwU gvwUi cÖ`xc R¡vjvq| Kuvokv fvÛv n‡jv be`¤úwZi wgjb Ges Avkx©ev‡`i cÖZxK| eihvÎx‡`i‡K eiY Kivi mgq Dfq c‡¶i Kuvokv fvÛv Zv‡`i mfv hvÎvi mvg‡bB †_‡K G‡m GK RvqMvq wgwjZ nevi mgq Dfq Kuvokv fvÛv wZb evi †VKvq/¯úk© Kiv‡bv nq, GUv‡K Zviv Kuvokv †fU/¯^vÿvr e‡j|

4. Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi m¤¢ve¨ w`K mg~n

DivI‡`i `„wó-fw½‡Z DivI weevn ixwZ-bxwZ wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZ‡Z A‡bK mg„×| hyMhyM a‡i wcZ…cyiælMY DëvivwaKvi my‡Î GB ixwZ-bxwZi fxwˇZ weevn Abyôvb Drhvcb K‡i Avm‡Q| Z‡e mg‡qi weeZ©‡b I hy‡Mi AvaywbKZvq eZ©gv‡b DivI mgvR Zvi weevn ixwZ-bxwZi A‡bK wKQz‡K nvwi‡q †dj‡Q| wKš‘ Dc‡i Av‡jvwPZ weevnc×wZ I e¨eüZ Dcv`vb mg~‡ni A_© Lªxwóq weev‡ni A‡bK A_©‡K cÖKvk K‡i| ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi aviYv ev Gi cÖfve cÖvq wZb `kK c~‡e© DuivI Lªxwóq weev‡n Lye †ekx †`Lv hvqwb| Z‡e DuivI ms¯‹„wZi (weevn) wKQz wKQz wRwbm DivI Lªxwóq weev‡n BwZevPKfv‡eB cÖ‡ek K‡i‡Q| †h‡nZz weevn ixwZi I e¨eüZ Dcv`vbmg~n Mfxi Ava¨vwZ¥K A_© cÖKvk K‡i, ZvB Av‡ivI wKQz welq Lªxwóq weev‡n  cÖ‡ek Kivi `vwe iv‡L| Z‡e BwZg‡a¨ wb‡b¥v³ welq¸‡jv‡Z Gi cÖfve we‡klfv‡e j¶¨Yxq Ges m¤¢e¨ Av‡ivI wKQz welq ‡hvM n‡Z cv‡i|

4.1 wm`uyi `vb: HwZn¨MZfv‡eB mvgvwRK GB Abyôv‡b Gi e¨envi n‡q Avm‡Q, hv Mfxi A_© cÖKvk K‡i|  Lªxwóq weev‡n GB ixwZi Aš—©fyw³ ms¯‹…Z¨vq‡bi GKwU eo w`K| KviY ei hw` K‡bi wmw_‡Z wm`uyi bv civq Zvn‡j DuivI ms¯‹…wZ Abymv‡i cÖK…Z weevn n‡q‡Q e‡j DuivI mgv‡Ri †jv‡Kiv Zv g‡b K‡i bv| ZvB K‡bi wmw_‡Z wm`uyi civ‡bv DuivI ms¯‹„wZi g~j avivi GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© ce©|

4.2 njy` :we‡qi c~e© iv‡Z ei‡K Mv‡q njy` †`Iqv nq, GKBfv‡e K‡b‡KI| Lªxóvb ALªxóvb Df‡q njy‡`i e¨envi K‡i| ei K‡b I ei hvÎx‡`i eiY K‡i †bIqvi Rb¨ njy`, AvZe PvDj, Rj I Kuvokv fvÛv (†QvUgvwUi Kjwm hvi wfZi _v‡K njy`, Ges ei‡bi Ab¨vb¨ wRwbm) wb‡q †g‡q c¶ A‡c¶v K‡i| Zviv Avm‡jB Gme `e¨vw` w`‡q Zv‡`i eiY K‡i †bq| G¸‡jv meB Avgv‡`i †`kxq wRwbm| hv weev‡n ¸i“Z¡c~Y© A_© enb K‡i| myZivs njy` AvZe PvDj G¸‡jvI Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K|

4.3 Rj:wm`uyi we‡q‡Z be `¤úwZ ev ei I K‡bi Dci DuivI ms¯‹…wZ‡Z Rj wQUv‡bv nq Ges Rj w`‡q mœvb Kiv‡bv nq Avevi Rj w`‡q Zv‡`i cv †auvqv‡bv nq| wb‡R‡`i R‡j †auŠZ K‡i we‡qi wcuwo ev gv‡ovqv‡Z e‡m, ïwPZvi AZ© cÖKvk K‡i| ZvB DivI K…wó‡Z R‡ji e¨envi Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© w`K|

4.4 mwilv †Zj: N‡i wm`uyi we‡qi nIqvi ci gv‡ovqvi bx‡P ei I K‡b‡K †Zj gvLv‡bv nq| †Zj gvLv‡bv mgvß n‡j ILv‡bB c~e©w`‡K gyL K‡i cvkv-cvwk ei K‡b‡K emv‡bv nq| Gi ci `vb †`Iqv ïi“ nq| mwilv †Zj Avgv‡`i wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZi wRwbm hv weev‡ni †¶‡Î e¨envi Kiv nq| DuivI‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Lªxó wek¦vmx ZvivI wMR©v‡Z we‡q cov‡bv m¤úbœ n‡j N‡i G‡b wb‡R‡`i mvgvwRK ixwZbyhvqx †Zj e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| myZivs Lªxwóq weev‡n †Z‡ji e¨envi ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi GKwU ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K wnmv‡e MªnY Kiv hvq|

4.5 Kvmvi _vjv I Kvmvi jUv

Kvmvi _vjv I jUv Avgv‡`i †`kxq wRwbm hv DuivI ms¯‹…wZ‡Z weev‡ni mgq e¨envi Kiv nq| Kvmvi _vjvq cv †iu‡L jUv w`‡q cvwb †X‡j ei K‡b I ei hvÎx‡`i cv †auvqv nq|  Ab¨ †Kvb _vjv I jUv e¨envi Ki‡j Zv ei K‡b I ei hvÎx‡`i Avcb K‡i †bIqv nj bv ev Zv‡`i ¸iZ¡ †`Iqv nj bv e‡j Zviv g‡b K‡i| myZivs Kvmvi Zvjv I jUvi e¨envi DuivI weev‡n Avek¨K| Z‡e Avcb K‡i †bIqvi GB ixwZ Lªxwóq weev‡ni †ÿ‡ÎI  MÖnY Kiv hvq, hv h_vh_ mb¥vb Kivi welqwU cÖKvk cvq|

4.6 cvwUi e¨envi

gv‡ovqvi mvg‡b hLb ei K‡b e‡m ZLb cvwU e¨envi Kiv nq| Avevi hLb evwn‡¾vobv weevn m¤úbœ Kiv nq ZLbI cvwU e¨envi Kiv nq| G cvwU Aek¨B bZzb n‡Z n‡e| DuivIiv Zv‡`i ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b †h me wRwbm e¨envi K‡i †m¸‡jvi A‡bK wRwb‡mB weevn Abyôv‡b e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| cvwU Zviv wb‡RivB †LRyi cvZv w`‡q ˆZix K‡i, hv Zv‡`i ms¯‹…wZi wRwbm| Kv_wjK we‡q‡Z wMR©v‡Z ev †Kvb †Kvb MÖv‡g hvRK wb‡R wM‡q we‡q covb, †mme RvqMvq †eªÄ Gi cwie‡Z© cvwU e¨envi Kiv hvq hv ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© w`K wnmv‡e cÖKvk cv‡e|

4.7 µzk

DuivI ms¯‹…wZ‡Z gv‡ovqvi gvSLv‡b GKwU euvk cuy‡Z Lo w`‡q gvbyl ˆZix K‡i euv‡ki AvMvq †eu‡a †`Iqv nq| HUv †`‡L A‡b¨iv eyS‡Z cv‡i H evwo‡Z we‡q n‡”Q| G‡¶‡Î Kv_wjK weev‡n H wP‡üi cwie‡Z© GKwU µzk †eu‡a †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡Z K‡i mK‡jB eyS‡Z cvi‡e †h GB cwiev‡i ev MÖv‡g Lªxóvb we‡q n‡”Q|  Aek¨ eZ©gv‡b DuivI‡`i g‡a¨ Lªxó wek¦vmxiv µyk wPü e¨envi K‡i _v‡K|

4.8 cv_i I †Rvqvj

DuivI ms¯‹…wZ‡Z ei -K‡b cv_i I †Rvq‡ji Dci `uvwo‡q cÖwZÁv K‡i Zv‡`i weevwnZ Rxeb †hb cv_‡ii gZ k³, gyReyZ I wPi¯’vqx nq| Òcv_‡ii e¨envi DuivI ms¯‹…wZi weev‡n Mfxi A_© cÖKvk K‡i| Avevi †Rvqvj Gi e¨envi †h Mfxi A_© cÖKvk K‡i Zv n‡”Q msmvi Rxe‡b hZ `ytL-Kó I mgm¨v Avm‡e †mB †evSv `yÕRb mgvbfv‡e enb Ki‡e| `yÕRb `yÕRb‡K fvj‡e‡m ci¯úi‡K mg_©b Ki‡e msmvi Rxe‡bi †Rvqvj enb Ki‡e| GB Rb¨B weev‡n †Rvqvj e¨envi Kiv nq|Ó[3] G `y‡UvB DuivI ms¯‹…wZi wRwbm, wKš‘ Gi e¨envi weevwnZ Rxe‡b ¸i“Z¡c~Y© Zvrch© enb K‡i| mZivs G `y‡qi e¨enviI Kv_wjK weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi eo w`K n‡Z cv‡i, hv GB my›`i †PZbv `v¤úZ¨ Rxe‡b Zv‡`i G‡K Ac‡ii Rb¨ AvZ¥Z¨v‡M DrmvwnZ Ki‡e | GQvovI wMR©vq cv_i I †Rvqv‡ji Dci `vo Kwi‡q hvRK hLb weevn cov‡e ZLb Zv Lªxó wek¦vmx‡`i KvQ Av‡iv A_©c~Y© n‡q D‡V|

4.9 njy`gvKv PvDj I ayc

njy` gvLv †h PvDj wbgš¿‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv nq Zv DVv‡bi GKwU wbw`©ó RvqMvq †jcb w`‡q †i‡L aycviwZ †`Iqv nq| mvaviYZ G njy` gvLv PvDj hv‡`i †`Iqv nq ZvivB ev H cwieviB wbgwš¿Z nq| evoxi KZ©v  ev Zvi AvcbRb mivmwi AwZw_‡`i nv‡Z Zz‡j †`q| wbgš¿‡Yi GB ixwZ KZ©vi mwZ¨Kvi wb‡Ri AšÍi †_‡K wbgš¿‡Yi A_© cÖKvk K‡i| ZvB Lªxwóq weev‡n wbgš¿‡Yi †ÿ‡Î GB ixwZ MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

4.10 Kuvokv fvÛv I gvwUi cÖ`xc

Kvuokv fvÛv n‡jv gvwUi †QvU bZzb cvwZj| fvÛvi Mjvq av‡bi wkl †Mu‡_ mymw¾Z K‡i| fvÛvi gyL XvKb w`‡q eÜ K‡i Zvi Dci PviwU gvwUi cÖ`xc R¡vjvq| Kuvokv fvÛv n‡jv wgjb Avi be`¤úwZi Avkx©ev‡`i cÖZxK| eihvÎx‡`i‡K eiY Kivi mgq Dfq c‡¶i Kuvokv fvÛv Zv‡`i mfv hvÎvi mvg‡bB †_‡K G‡m GK RvqMvq wgwjZ nevi mgq Dfq Kuvokv fvÛv wZb evi †VKvq, GUv‡K Zviv Kuvokv †fU e‡j| wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZi Gme wRwbm e¨envi K‡i Zviv eihvÎx‡`i eiY K‡i †bq| Kuvokv fvÛv Qvov eihvÎx‡`i eiY K‡i †bIqv m¤¢e bq| myZivs GUvI Lªxwóq weev‡ni †¶‡Î ms¯‹…Zvq‡b GKwU ¸iZ¡cyY© w`K hv GB ixwZ‡Z Dfq c‡ÿi AwZw_‡`i eiY K‡i †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

4.11 †cvkvK

weev‡n DiuvI‡`i HwZn¨evwn †cvlvK njy` kvwo I aywZ e¨envi Kiv nq| G †cvkvK Avgv‡`i ms¯‹„wZi m‡½ Mfxifv‡e RwoZ| Av‡M we‡q‡Z ei I K‡Yi  †cvmvK wnmv‡e GB aywZ I njy`/(jvj) kvoxB e¨envi Kiv n‡Zv, Avi e¨enviKvixI ¯^v”Q›`¨‡eva Ki‡Zv| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b AvaywbKZvi †Quvqvq we‡q‡Z GUvi e¨envi wkw_j n‡q †M‡Q| Z‡e GB †cvlv‡Ki †ÿ‡Î DivuI HwZn¨MZ `„wófw½i wfwˇZ wePvi we‡kølY K‡i Lªxwóq weev‡n ei-K‡Yi we‡qi †cvlvK wnmv‡e e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

4.12 fvlvi e¨envi

ms¯‹…Z¨vq‡bi Avi GKwU eo w`K nj Lªxwóq weev‡n DuivI fvlvi e¨envi| wbR¯^ fvlvq hLb DuivIiv weevn Avkxe©v‡`i mgq AskMªnY K‡i, Lªxóhv‡M AskMªnY K‡i, cÖv_©bv I Mvb K‡i, bvP-Mvb K‡i, ZLb wkw¶Z-Awkw¶Z meviB Aš—i †_‡K Avb›` †hb D_‡j D‡V | wKš‘ Ab¨ †Kvb fvlvq ZZUv djcÖm~ nqbv| ZvB h_vh_ mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Kiv I Avb›` Drhvc‡bi Rb¨  weevn Abyôv‡b Zv‡`i wbR¯^ fvlvi e¨envi A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

4.13 ev`¨hš¿

DuivI ms¯‹…wZ‡Z wbR¯^ †Xvj, KoLv, Kuvwk I euvwk Av‡Q hv Zviv weev‡ni mgq bvP-Mv‡b e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| ev`¨hš¿ e¨env‡ii †¶‡ÎI Avgiv Kv_wjK weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvqb Ki‡Z cvwi| G¸‡jv e¨env‡ii d‡j Zviv Av‡iv †ekx wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZi m‡½ wg‡j †h‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡`i bvP Mv‡bi Mfx‡i Zviv Xz‡K †h‡Z cv‡i Ges A‡bK ˆewPÎZv †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i|

4.14 Kjv MvQ I Avg cvZv

Duiv‡`i Rxeb-hvÎv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ I‡ZvcÖ‡Zvfv‡e RwoZ| cÖK…wZ‡K Zviv fvjev‡m I hZœ K‡i| Zviv wek¦vm K‡i G¸‡jv gnvb av‡g©m Gi m„wó| cÖK…wZi gva¨‡g Zviv A‡bK wKQz †c‡q _v‡K| †hgb- Zv‡`i Rxe‡b weevn ev †Kvb Abyôv‡b cÖK…wZi wRwbm wefbœ A‡_© Zviv e¨envi K‡i _v‡K| we‡qi Abyôv‡b gv‡ovqvi gv‡SLv‡b gvwUi †QvU †e`xi Pvi †Kvbvq gvSvix AvKv‡ii PviwU KjvMvQ Mvov nq hv ei-K‡Y I `yRb ¯^vÿx ev m½x‡K eySvq| Gi A_© msmvi Rxe‡b GKv bq mevi mvnh¨ m‡nv‡hvwMZv wb‡qB mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q †h‡Z nq | Ab¨w`‡K Avkxe©vw`Z Rj wQUv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î GB Avg cvZv e¨envi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| myZivs GB `ywU A_©‡K we‡ePbv K‡i Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvqb Kiv m¤¢e|

5. Avgvi gZvgZ: weevn †h‡nZz mvgvwRK Drme ZvB  wbR¯^ ms¯‹…wZi wfwˇZ DrhvwcZ n‡jB †mUv gvby‡li Kv‡Q †ekx MÖnY‡hvM¨ I Avb‡›`i| Dc‡i D‡jøwLZ wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi A_© Ab¨‡`i Kv‡Q Av‡e`b bvI m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Z‡e DivI RvwZi Kv‡Q †mm‡ei A_© I gvnvZ¥ wPišÍb| Lªxwóq weev‡n G¸‡jv‡K gyj¨ w`‡q AvšÍf©y³ Kiv Avgv‡`i ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡| Z‡e GB ch©v‡q DuivI weevn I Lªxwóq weev‡ni Av‡jv‡K wKQy wKQy w`K cÖ¯ÍevKv‡i Avwg Zz‡j ai‡Z PvB ,†m¸‡jv n‡”Q-

K) wm`yui we‡qi ci ei I K‡bi Dci mvaviY Rj wQUv‡bv nq Ges Rj Øviv mœvb Kiv‡bv nq G‡¶‡Î mvaviY R‡ji cwie‡Z© Avkxe©vw`Z ÕcweÎ RjÕ e¨venvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avi DuivI‡`i cÖavb †`eZv av‡g©m Gi bv‡g ÔwcZv I cyÎ I cweÎ AvZ¥viÕ bv‡g wZbevi cweÎ Rj wmÂb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

L)  av‡g©m Gi bv‡g wcZv I cyÎ I cweÎ AvZ¥viÕ bv‡g wZbevi wm`yui civ‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

M) weevn m¤ú‡K© DuivI `„wófw½ I g~j¨‡evamg~‡ni mv‡_ Kv_wjK gÊjxi `„wófw½i I g~j¨‡evamg~‡ni Zzjbvg~jK wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i Zv‡`i‡K Av‡jvwKZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

N) wm`uyi `vb Abyôvb‡K Av‡iv A_©c~Y© K‡i †Zvjv| we‡kl K‡i wm`uyi `v‡bi ci Zv‡`i Dci †h Rj wQUv‡bv nq, Zv‡Z mvaviY R‡ji cwie‡Z©  ÔcweÎ Rj wQUv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

O) we‡qi c~e© mܨvq Mv‡q njuy` Abyôvb‡K †QvU Avkxe©v` cÖv_©bv Abyôv‡bi gva¨‡g A_©c~Y© Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| hvRK whwb ei-K‡b‡K weevn cov‡eb, Zv‡`i mv‡_ Mv‡q njy` †g‡L cweÎZvi A_©‡K Av‡iv evwo‡q Zzj‡Z cv‡ib|

P) DuivI‡`i Rb¨ DuivI fvlvi Aeva e¨envi wbwðZ Kiv| Ab¨w`‡K ixwZbxwZ, e¨veüZ wewfbœ gy`ªv,Avmb I `ªe¨vw`i Ava¨vwZ¥K A_© cybiæ×v‡ii Rb¨  Aa¨qb I M‡elYv Kivi Rb¨ h_vh_ D‡`¨vM  MÖnY Kiv Ges DuivI fvlvq cÖKvkbv K‡i  DivI RbMY‡K Zv Rvbv‡bv|

Q) weev‡n DuivI‡`i  HwZn¨evwn †cvlvK (njy` kvwo I aywZ) c‡i we‡q Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Kiv|

Dcmsnvi:Dc‡iv³ Av‡jvPbvi Av‡jv‡K DuivI weevn m¤ú‡K© Avgiv A‡bK g~j¨evb Ávb I g~j¨‡ev‡ai mÜvb cvB hv Lªxwóq weev‡n ms¯‹…Zvq‡b DrmvwnZ K‡i| we‡kl K‡i weevn m¤ú‡K© Kv_wjK ag©g‡Zi mv‡_ DuivI ag©g‡Zi †PZbvMZfv‡e †Kvb we‡iva †bB| ZvB GLv‡b ms¯‹…Zvq‡bi A‡bK my‡hvM i‡q‡Q| hw`I Ôwm`uyi `v‡biÕ gZ DuivI weev‡ni A‡bK ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq eZ©gvb wLªóvb weevn avivq mshy³ n‡q‡Q Z_vwc Dc‡i cÖ¯—vweZ A‡bK welqmgyn we‡klfv‡e M‡el©Yv K‡i Aš—f~©³ Ki‡j DuivI‡`i Kv‡Q Zv‡`i weevn I weevwnZ cweÎ Rxe‡bi A‡bK welqmg~n Av‡iv cwi¯‹vi, MÖnYxq, djcÖm~ I A_©c~Y© n‡q DV‡e hv Av`k© cwievi I mgvR MV‡b Zviv Av‡ivI †ekx AbycÖvYxZ n‡e|

mnvqK MÖš’mg~n

1|  Lvj‡Kv Ai“Y, evsjv‡`‡ki DuivI Avw`evmx, gvóvi cÖKvkbx, w`bvRcyi, 2009|

2| `ªs mÄxe, evsjv‡`‡ki wecbœ Avw`evmx, bI‡ivR wKZv we¯—vb, evsjvevRvi, XvKv, 2001|

3| gwR` gy¯—vdv, evsjv‡`‡ki g‡½vjxq Avw`evmx, gIjv eªv`vm©, evsjvevRvi, XvKv, 2005|

4|  wZM¨v wejvm, DuivI fvlv I ms¯‹…wZi wKQz K_v, c~Yvwej­x, bIMuv, 2004 Lªx: c„: 24|

5| PEREIRA, Francis, The faith tradition of the (URAONS), ISPCK, Delhi, 2007.

6| TROISI. J., Tribal Religion, Manohar, New, Deli, 1979.

7| mvÿvrKvi: wg. AiæY Lvj‡Kv, gvK©yk Uc¨(ej`xcyKzi), wkgb Uc¨, cvÎvk KzRyi(cv_iNvUv), b‡ib wZM¨v (gvwiqvgcyi)|

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[1] Ai“Y Lvj‡Kv, evsjv‡`‡ki DuivI Avw`evmx, gvóvi cÖKvkbx, w`bvRcyi, 2009, c„, 26

[2] Ai“Y Lvj‡Kv, evsjv‡`‡ki DuivI Avw`evmx, gvóvi cÖKvkbx, w`bvRcyi, 2009, c„, 33|

[3] Ai“Y Lvj‡Kv, evsjv‡`‡ki DuivI Avw`evmx, gvóvi cÖKvkbx, w`bvRcyi, 2009, c„, 33|